asian american essays

asian american essays Twinkling stars off in the distant sky shine as a symbol of hope. Hope for those who dream for a better way of living, and a new beginning. Thus this dream would soon be a reality for people of Asian ethnicity, but would prove to be far more difficult then imagined. The road that lied ahead would be full of difficult obstacles, and implicit messages that read "go home," but what was home? People previously known as Orientals and now classified as Asian Americans have almost all, at one time or another, been excluded from U.S. citizenship. Asians were discriminated against because of the color of their skin, or simply put they weren't white. One huge obstacle was "The Naturalization Act of May 16, 1790, which required a two year residence in the United States and one year residence in the state where the naturalization was granted"(Ogle County Naturalization). This Act regulated those who weren't "free whites," and especially targeted Asian immigrants. Congress first created this Act in hopes to discourage immigration by any non white persons. By the mid 1800s citizenship was finally given to African Americans thanks to the 14th Amendment, however Asian immigrants continued to be discriminated against. Not having citizenship in America clearly had its disadvantages. For example, in May 1952 the foreign miners' license tax was issued. American miners felt threatened from the presence of Chinese miners. American miners wanted to eliminate competition from foreign miners. The California Assembly argued that "they degraded the American white workers already in the state and discouraged other Americans from coming to California" (Takaki 81). This tax directed specifically towards the Chinese, which now required a monthly payment from all foreign miners. Since the Chinese at this time could not gain citizenship because of the Naturalization Act of 1790, they soon found themselves victim to this tax. ...

San Marino - Information and Geography

San Marino - Information and Geography Population: 31,817 (July 2011 estimate)Capital: San MarinoBordering Countries: ItalyArea: 23 square miles (61 sq km)Highest Point: Monte Titano at 2,477 feet (755 m)Lowest Point: Torrente Ausa at 180 feet (55 m)San Marino is a small country located on the Italian Peninsula. It is completely surrounded by Italy and has an area of just 23 square miles (61 sq km) and a population of 31,817 people (July 2011 estimate). Its capital is the City of San Marino but its largest city is Dogana. San Marino is known as being the oldest independent constitutional republic in the world.History of San MarinoIt is believed that San Marino was founded in 301 C.E. by Marinus the Dalmatian, a Christian stonesman, when he fled the island of Arbe and hid on Monte Titano (U.S. Department of State). Marinus fled Arbe to escape the anti-Christian Roman Emperor Diocletian (U.S. Department of State). Shortly after he arrived at Monte Titano he founded a small Christian community that was later became a republi c called the Land of San Marino in honor of Marinus. Initially the government of San Marino consisted of an assembly made up of the heads of each family residing in the area. This assembly was known as the Arengo. This lasted until 1243 when the Captains Regent became joint heads of state. In addition, the original area of San Marino only included that of Monte Titano. In 1463 however San Marino joined an association that was against Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Lord of Rimini. The association later defeated Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta and Pope Pius II Piccolomini gave San Marino the towns of Fiorentino, Montegiardino and Serravalle (U.S. Department of State). In addition, Faetano also joined the republic in the same year and its area expanded to a total of its current 23 square miles (61 sq km).San Marino has been invaded twice throughout its history - once in 1503 by Cesare Borgia and once in 1739 by Cardinal Alberoni. Borgias occupation of San Marino ended with his death several months after its occupation. Alberonis ended after the Pope restored the republics independence, which it has maintained ever since. Government of San MarinoToday the Republic of San Marino is considered a republic with an executive branch consisting of co-chiefs of state and a head of government. It also has a unicameral Grand and General Council for its legislative branch and a Council of Twelve for its judicial branch. San Marino is divided into nine municipalities for local administration and it joined the United Nations in 1992.Economics and Land Use in San MarinoSan Marinos economy is mainly focused on tourism and the banking industry, but it relies on imports from Italy for most of its citizens food supplies. The other main industries of San Marino are textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement and wine (CIA World Factbook). In addition agriculture takes place on limited level and the main products of that industry are wheat, grapes, corn, olives, cattle, pigs, horses, beef and hides (CIA World Factbook).Geography and Climate of San MarinoSan Marino is located in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula. Its a rea consists of a landlocked enclave that is entirely surrounded by Italy. San Marinos topography mainly consists of rugged mountains and its highest elevation is Monte Titano at 2,477 feet (755 m). The lowest point in San Marino is Torrente Ausa at 180 feet (55 m).The climate of San Marino is Mediterranean and as such it has mild or cool winters and warm to hot summers. Most of San Marinos precipitation also falls during its winter months.To learn more about San Marino, visit the Geography and Maps section on San Marino on this website.ReferencesCentral Intelligence Agency. (16 August 2011). CIA - The World Factbook - San Marino. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sm.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.). San Marino: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107939.htmlUnited States Department of State. (13 June 2011). San Marino. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5387.htmWikipedia.org. (18 August 2011). San Marino - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_marino

Does Fast Food Advertising Have an Influence on What Parents Feed Research Paper

Does Fast Food Advertising Have an Influence on What Parents Feed Their Children - Research Paper Example Parents usually do not bother too much to critically analyse or investigate such claims. Fast food items are normally tastier than conventional foods and hence majority of the children like it. Parents usually feed their children based on the tastes of the children. When a child shows interests in a fast food item, his/her mother or father may not think too much about its ingredients. He/she will purchase that item in order to make the child pleasant. Majority of the current parents have some kind of professional and personal commitments. As a result of that they are not getting enough time to think about the nutritional aspects while feeding their children. Fast food advertisements further encourage or motivate them while purchasing food items for their children. Effects Of Fast Food Advertising On Parents Fast food companies make use of plenty of advertising strategies to catch the attention of parents. For example, price promotions can increase consumer preference for a particular product. Moreover, it may increase repeated purchases, and contribute to parents’ beliefs that the promoted item is highly nutritional and frequently eaten (Hoek and Gendall, 2006; Naylor et al. 2006). It should be noted that price promotions always help the companies to catch the attention of the public. When sales decrease, companies often forced to reduce the prices of their products. When prices come down, consumers usually show more interest in a particular product. For example, KFC food items are popular everywhere in the world. However, high prices of KFC products prevent parents from purchasing it for their children, especially in a recession hit global economic climate. Imagine a situation in which KFC announces reduction... This paper stresses that advertisements in general and Fast food advertisements in particular have positive influence upon parents and children. Even though some of the modern parents are aware of the traps made by advertisements, majority of the parents are unaware of it. Majority of the parents believe that fast food is better than conventional foods. This is because of the influence of advertisement related to fast food. Advertisers are capable of constructing ads to promote their products. Such ads will always describe the positives of the product while deliberately hiding its negative aspects. Ethics and social responsibility are rapidly diminishing subjects in the corporate world. This report makes a conclusion that marketers, especially the fast food marketers are particular about profit making. They use all advertising channels cleverly to catch the attention of the consumers. Misleading and exaggerated advertisements are often constructed and displayed by the fast food advertisers. Neither the parents nor the children think too much about the traps in such advertisements. For them, fast food is cheap, convenient and tastier than conventional food. For parents, the burden of preparing food in the kitchen is eliminated by fast foods. Advertisers are exploiting this parental attitude cleverly with the help of targeted ads. In short, fast food advertisements definitely have positive influence upon parents and children.

Creative leadership and mangement in international schools Dissertation

Creative leadership and mangement in international schools - Dissertation Example As the report declares a creative leader analysis the current situation identifies the loopholes and then thinks out of the box to bring out a change which permanently solved the problems. As the world becomes a global village and environment becomes competitive, only innovative and creative ideas standout to make their mark among the rest. This paper stresses that effective Principals should orient their respective schools by showing the creativity traits of showing their passion for work, leading by innovative examples, independence, goal setting and making sure they are achievable and eventually achieved, originality, flexibility to listen to their subordinates or other staff members , wide range of interests to have a flow of ideas from different angles, intelligence and motivation. Principals of international schools should perceive themselves frequently as exhibiting the trait. It can be surmised that effective principals should be committed to working very hard, since they are frequently committed to things they believe in and are persistent in completing a task. Persistence in completing a task can be described as a passion because the effective principal frequently refuses to put an idea aside until it is satisfactorily resolved. The effective principal should talk earnestly about the importance of work, which suggests responsibility is not just the organizational goal but also consists of the leader's direction for the organization.

The Day of the Butterfly Essay Example for Free

The Day of the Butterfly Essay Honest, critical but not prejudiced or judgemental: comments about Myra having the smell of fruit or her clothes, which objectively point out her difference from others but does not judge her with contempt Characterisation: -Myra a)Looks awkward (sleepy eyes suggests she is tired or heavy-laden with worry unlike other carefree children; her clothes too big for her suggest she has to take on an adult role when she is too young to do it) b)uncommunicative girl who doesn’t fit in with the rest of the class c)poor (dress too big for her might be because it has been handed down), parents own fruit shop – she smells of ripe fruit. Her future is limited as she will probably have to help her family with the shop d)Immigrant ‘Brown skin’, her language is not American in its style ‘please teacher†¦my brother has wet himself’ e)Has to take on responsibility at a young age and does not have much opportunity to be a child f)Is quite frail and sickly – linked to poverty -Helen a)The narrator whose point of view the reader takes b)a person trying to be friendly to Myra. She is trapped between her sympathy for Myra and the rest of the class – takes the role of an ‘ally’ c) lives in the country (farm girl), also a little insecure – she used to do the same thing as Myra slowing down in case whoever was behind wanted to talk to her -Class a)A microcosm of ‘society’ b)A group that has â€Å"leaders† like Gladys Healey who bully students like Myra and â€Å"force† others, who act as followers to do the same or face similar marginalisation -Gladys Healey a)The class ‘leader’ that the other classmates follow ) She enjoys wealth and is popular because she has access to all good things associated with childhood – quality clothing -Teacher a)significant female adult character trying to help but in fact, may be more a part of the cause – artificiality (birthday party when it is not Myra’s birthday), persuading the class to play with Myra (because she is left out) â€Å"Do you think you would be very happy, if you were left back there? † b)represents the role of adults in social reproduction of class difference Mood: Reflective – which goes with the narrator reflecting on this childhood experience when she is a lot older â€Å"This sound [children playing on the street] made Myra’s future turn shadowy, turn dark. Imagery -symbol of blue butterfly, symbolising freedom

Corrymeela, a Community of Forgiveness :: Christianity Religion Religious Essays

Corrymeela, a Community of Forgiveness Corrymeela is a dispersed Christian community of reconciliation. There are 180 members, Catholic and Protestant, who commit themselves to search together for the path of peace, as they discover what it means to follow in the footsteps of Jesus. In all our work, Corrymeela seeks to establish a "safe place" where people feel accepted and valued. During a stay at Corrymeela, a person is invited to become part of a "community" that transcends the divisions, which are so powerful in much of life in Northern Ireland. In a secure atmosphere, there is an opportunity to grow in understanding as we listen to one another’s life experiences. We find that "listening" to others, and "telling" our story is a way of growing closer together, and of discovering the vulnerability and humanity of the "other." We find that such an experience can face a person with new choices for their future, as prejudices are uncovered, misunderstandings corrected, and fear is replaced by trust. — Timothy Kinahan, A More Excellent Way: A Vision for Northern Ireland Introduction My deep interest in Northern Ireland is from an unknown source. In part, I know that I was deeply affected by the stories of both frustration and reconciliation that my friend, Jenny, told me after her return from a summer volunteering at the Corrymeela Community. However, Jenny’s parents are from Ireland, her roots are there. Perhaps my heart is there for a reason that will soon be revealed. I am planning on completing my Field Education in Northern Ireland next summer and would like for six of the ten intensive weeks to be spent at the Corrymeela Community near Ballycastle, on the Antrim Coast (see a map of the area, below). I spent four amazing days in Northern Ireland last summer, talking with some of the key players in the ecumenical movement while planning for my Field Education program. I spoke with Trevor Anderson, the Director of Corrymeela at their office in Belfast, I spoke with Johnson McMaster, the Director of the Irish School of Ecumenics who offered to be my men tor next summer. I also spoke with David Stevens, the Secretary for the Irish Council of Churches, and this is only listing a few! The Corrymeela Community that is located on the Antrim Coast is a retreat center which hosts groups and conferences from all over Northern Ireland and the world. Most of the year is spent with different types of groups, including youth, and the summer is spent hosting families who have been affected by the Troubles either financially, by violence, or both.

Character Transformation in “Salvation” Essay

Langston Hughes, in his short story, â€Å"Salvation†, uses himself as the character in the story.   Langston does undergo a transformation in his life, as a preteen.   Due to his young age, he feels that his profound conclusion about religion is a betrayal to his family and does not feel as an adult might if they came to the same conclusion. He wants to believe what his aunt believes and it hurts him deeply that he cannot see what she sees or believe how she does in terms of accepting in religious figures as factual persons.   It is the irony of his disbelief as the younger Langston has a more mature take on Jesus, who is spoken of more than other figures in the story, because he requires proof of his existence. His aunt believes that Jesus could save Langston from sin and holds other beliefs about God and the Holy Ghost that she could not prove.   Her thought process seemed more erroneous and immature than Langston’s.   Therefore, not only does Langston undergo a transformation in the way he viewed religion, but grew in that he developed a more mature thought process. Langston is a young boy of almost thirteen years old in this story.   At this age, many young boys grow in many developmental areas.   Using the theme of growth, Hughes deals with this premise in the area of religion.   In the first line of the story Hughes says â€Å"I was saved from sin when I was going on thirteen†. This is an interesting line to analyze, as he later says that he was not really saved from sin, in a religious sense.   But, it could be that he is saved from the â€Å"sin† of not using rational thought and of being a person, who is heavily influenced from others.   It seems that even though Langston is upset when he believes that he has hurt his aunt by deceiving her in his belief of Jesus, this simply proves that while he was growing into a young man mentally, he was still immature emotionally. Hughes very descriptive language in dealing with the characters and their behavior in church, does make the practice of religion, itself, seem very immature.   Hughes says that â€Å"suddenly the whole room broke into a sea of shouting, as they saw me rise. Waves of rejoicing swept the place. Women leaped in the air. My aunt threw her arms around me†.   But Langston is the only calm person in the midst of all of this chaos.   He thinks rationally and wants to see Jesus, when he does not, he comes to the acceptance that there is no Jesus.   While his aunt is proud, he feels badly that he could not tell her the truth about his deduction. Langston, also, has the presence of mind to realize that in the past weeks, the church had brought in many people to be â€Å"saved† and â€Å"the membership of the church had grown by leaps and bounds†.   This is another phase of growth that can be taken from this deduction and this is the growth of moving physically away from family and other institutions to becoming more autonomous. In conclusion, this story is about growth and transformation.   The title, â€Å"Salvation†, may be misleading, as the speaker does not experience salvation in a religious sense.   The salvation that he does achieve is from the freedom of growing into a young man with rational thought and natural questioning of the world around him. Hughes does a wonderful job of describing the mental growth from boy to man that the character experiences.   The emotional aspect of growth is touched upon too, as the boy is still immature in that aspect.   It can be gathered too that physically, Langston is moving away from his aunt and others in the community to be his own person. References Hughes, Langston.   â€Å"Salvation†.   (1940).   Accessible online http://www.courses.vcu.edu/ENG200-dwc/hughes.htm.   Last Accessed 18 November, 2008.

The Twin Paradoxical: Acme and Omega Electronics Study Case

The Paradoxical Twins: Acme and Omega Electronics E-mail : [email  protected] co. id Introduction: In this case, two similar electronic companies named Acme and Omega, Which situated closely one to another. Both of them are originally formed from the same company, but they grew into completely different companies. Below listed their company details and unique points, right after company’s establishment: Acme: ? ? ? ? ? ? Company size: 550 employees, with annual sales $10 million The president: John TylerRetaining the original management and upgrading general manager to president Has a relatively more effective management and bigger net profits Management culture: bureaucracy/ hierarchy culture, it is stated by John Tyler â€Å"he retained the basic structure† and company has a well structured organization chart. Management get used to routine and predicted activity, stated in â€Å"Tyler was confident that has the demand had not been so great†¦. †, and â⠂¬Å"we have been able to beat Omega regularly.. † Omega: ? ? ? ? ? ? Company size: 480 employees, with annual sales $8 millionThe president: Jim Rawls Hired a new president who is a former director of a large electronics research laboratory, and upgrading several of the existing personnel within the plant. Relaying on face to face communication which leads to ineffective time management. Management culture: adhocracy/ entrepreneurial culture, stated in â€Å"Jim Rawls did not believe in organization charts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å".. people from mechanical, electrical, production and industrial engineering got together.. †, and â€Å"Jim Rawls called a meeting on Friday, July 8, that included all departments head.. †Team oriented and project based organization are used, based on Jim Rawls’ background as a researcher and his capacity as the president. Case Summary: In July 1996, on of major photocopy manufacturer was looking for a subcontractor to assemble the memory unit, whereas this project worth $5-7 million. This project required 100 prototypes, and speed is a critical factor indeed. Both Acme and Omega had at most 2 weeks to get this project done. Acme Timeline: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Monday (July 11th): Blueprint arrived and purchasing decision has been made by purchasing department.Tuesday (July 12th): mechanical engineering received manufacturing prints and evaluated their capabilities in completing this project. Wednesday (July 13th): Purchasing found that a particular component could not be purchased due to summer vacation in manufacturer region. Tyler decided to continue on producing with the missing component, and add the missing on the last stage. Friday (July 15th): Mechanical engineering informed an additional assembly time might be occurred because of the missing component. Monday (July 18th): Tyler got information from shipping department if most of the component has arrived.Foreman ignored the normal procedure of contac ting method engineers due to time limit. As a matter effect, the method engineers were very upset because they have no chance in designing proper layout. They had spent an entire weekend in analyzing the motion needed and his process was very inefficient and imbalanced. The foreman refuses to stop working, due to short time limit. Tyler got himself complained by the method engineers, but no one of them could change his decision and he wants to get all the prototypes ready as soon as possible. They just said each other if the units must be almost completely tear down in installing the missing unit.Friday (July 22nd): They have their last unit produced Tuesday (July 27th): Missing parts have delivered Wednesday (July 28th): Foreman found that they have to tear the units to install the missing units. Thursday (July 28th): Tyler decides to tear down all units. Friday (July 29th): 50 units of prototypes have been completed, and shipped without final inspection. Tuesday (August 2nd): The rest 50 units were shipped Omega ? ? ? Friday (July 8th): Jim Rawls called all department heads, and soon after he had received the blueprints. Monday (July 11th): Blueprint arrived and all department heads met to discuss this project.Wednesday (July 13th): They found that one component would not be ready in the next two weeks. Substitution of component must be made to keep the assembly time by using Ja pan material. ? ? ? Friday (July 15th): on process, industrial engineering department reported that the missing component would increase the assembly time. Relaying on this, the head of electrical engineering tested and ensured that the Japan component will definitely work. Monday (July 18th): All engineering gathered in finishing the units needed. Friday (July 22nd): all units were completely inspected and shipped.As a result, ten of Acme’s units were defective, while all Omega’s units passed the test. The client was disappointed with Acme’s delivery delay and i ncurred further delays in repairing the defective Acme units. However, rather than giving the entire contract to one firm, the final contract was split between Acme and Omega, with two added directives: maintained zero defects and reduced final cost. Analysis: 1. The importance of organization chart On the writer’s point of view, well structured organization chart is critical to illustrate distribution of management structure.This opinion supported by Colquitt which said organizational chart helps organization members and outsiders understand and comprehend how work is structured within the company (Colquitt et al, 2011). Based on Harvard Business Review, there would be several disadvantages occurred within a management with not organizational chart, which listed below: a. The â€Å"unworkable† job: an unworkable job means the absence of organizational chart, brings an unclear distribution or task and responsibility. One man has to do several tasks within the same time and reports to several bosses.As a matter effect, some tasks won’t be completed and reported when the time needed. b. Politics: An uncertain organization hierarchy often influences members to reach the highest level of organization hierarchy. Even more, inappropriate behavior might occur to get a higher authority and power. c. Over-regulation: The absence of organizational chart leads to uncertainty for job approval. One project must be approved some of majority member of organization before comes to realization. d. Cultural clashes: Unavailability of organizational chart often leads to unidentified organizational culture.Each member claims their own culture and also bring their previous company culture. 2. Distribution of authority in both company Based on Colquit (2011), elements of organizational structure divided into: a. Work Specialization ? Acme: individual specialization is used in Acme, where well structured of work flow has been divided into several steps of flow w hich given to different specific department. ? Omega: team work is used to bring the best performance, since the tendency is to get everyone involved in finishing one project. Everyone has almost similar knowledge and skills since everyone does all things together. . Chain of Command ? Acme: Well structured chain of command in Acme, creates a clear reporting order from subordinates to the manager. ? Omega: Group approval is needed since almost everyone has an obligation to do everything together. Moreover decision can only be produced after team discussion. c. Span of Control ? Acme: Tall organization chart symbolized this span of control which in Acme it is shown by the organizational chart. ? Omega: Relatively flat organization chart, even though there is no organization chart. In Omega, everyone has almost the same responsibility and authority. d.Centralization ? Acme: Centralized decision maker where Tyler as the decision maker or Tyler’s approval is the key point on orga nization activities. ? Omega: Decentralized decision maker, where everyone was involved by Rawls. e. Formalization ? Acme: Standardized procedure with specific rule set to maintain working behavior in Acme, such as using memo as communication tool (Mechanistic Organization). ? Omega: Flexible procedure and direct communication were highly encouraged to avoid misunderstanding in Omega. The Organizational dimensions displayed as below: Source: Colquitt, Jason A et all (2011) 3.The influence of company strategy to company distribution of authority Colquitt (2011) mentioned that company strategy has an influence on organizational structure, which described as below: ? Mechanistic Organization Acme has a mechanistic organization where the efficiency strategy, and work specialization are the unique mark of this organization. ? Organic Organization Omega has an organic organization where lateral communication, decentralized knowledge, and low degree of work specialization to maximize organ ization performance. 4. Cost efficiency failure in Omega In writer’s opinion, there are several inefficiency recourses in Omega which ead to higher cost, which described below: ? People Management Rawls encourages everyone to get involved in certain project even though they not directly related with such project. Moreover, direct contact and discussion are recommended to eliminate misunderstanding. ? Time Management Inefficiency of people management causes inefficient time management which several jobs can’t be completed in the same time, whereas everyone involved in one job. ? Resource Management Omega has a tendency in wasting resources for a fast solution. In this case, Omega uses substitute product to replace the missing component.Even it’s perfectly fit with the requirement; this solution increases cost of production. 5. Personal recommendation to Omega Washington University highly recommends the organization restructured in Omega for a better management ro le. Well structured organization will give a clear view of everyone role, responsibility and authority. This recommendation can be broken down into several actions which are: ? Restructuring Organization Restructuring organization includes creating clear job description, organizational chart, adding and eliminating position. Omega should define each member’s position, task, responsibility and authority. Forming Labor Relation Labor relation is important in manufacturing company, since large numbers of labor are employed. This organization utilized as the communication medium between labor and company management. ? Change Management Change management is needed in restructuring organization, since many things must be socialize to different. This team prioritizes the change order and methods. References Books: Colquitt, Jason A et all. (2011). Organizational Behavior â€Å"Improving Performance and Commitment in The Workplace†. McGraw-Hill Internet Corkindale, Gill. Harva rd Business Review. org washington. edu The Twin Paradoxical: Acme and Omega Electronics Study Case The Paradoxical Twins: Acme and Omega Electronics E-mail : [email  protected] co. id Introduction: In this case, two similar electronic companies named Acme and Omega, Which situated closely one to another. Both of them are originally formed from the same company, but they grew into completely different companies. Below listed their company details and unique points, right after company’s establishment: Acme: ? ? ? ? ? ? Company size: 550 employees, with annual sales $10 million The president: John TylerRetaining the original management and upgrading general manager to president Has a relatively more effective management and bigger net profits Management culture: bureaucracy/ hierarchy culture, it is stated by John Tyler â€Å"he retained the basic structure† and company has a well structured organization chart. Management get used to routine and predicted activity, stated in â€Å"Tyler was confident that has the demand had not been so great†¦. †, and â⠂¬Å"we have been able to beat Omega regularly.. † Omega: ? ? ? ? ? ? Company size: 480 employees, with annual sales $8 millionThe president: Jim Rawls Hired a new president who is a former director of a large electronics research laboratory, and upgrading several of the existing personnel within the plant. Relaying on face to face communication which leads to ineffective time management. Management culture: adhocracy/ entrepreneurial culture, stated in â€Å"Jim Rawls did not believe in organization charts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å".. people from mechanical, electrical, production and industrial engineering got together.. †, and â€Å"Jim Rawls called a meeting on Friday, July 8, that included all departments head.. †Team oriented and project based organization are used, based on Jim Rawls’ background as a researcher and his capacity as the president. Case Summary: In July 1996, on of major photocopy manufacturer was looking for a subcontractor to assemble the memory unit, whereas this project worth $5-7 million. This project required 100 prototypes, and speed is a critical factor indeed. Both Acme and Omega had at most 2 weeks to get this project done. Acme Timeline: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Monday (July 11th): Blueprint arrived and purchasing decision has been made by purchasing department.Tuesday (July 12th): mechanical engineering received manufacturing prints and evaluated their capabilities in completing this project. Wednesday (July 13th): Purchasing found that a particular component could not be purchased due to summer vacation in manufacturer region. Tyler decided to continue on producing with the missing component, and add the missing on the last stage. Friday (July 15th): Mechanical engineering informed an additional assembly time might be occurred because of the missing component. Monday (July 18th): Tyler got information from shipping department if most of the component has arrived.Foreman ignored the normal procedure of contac ting method engineers due to time limit. As a matter effect, the method engineers were very upset because they have no chance in designing proper layout. They had spent an entire weekend in analyzing the motion needed and his process was very inefficient and imbalanced. The foreman refuses to stop working, due to short time limit. Tyler got himself complained by the method engineers, but no one of them could change his decision and he wants to get all the prototypes ready as soon as possible. They just said each other if the units must be almost completely tear down in installing the missing unit.Friday (July 22nd): They have their last unit produced Tuesday (July 27th): Missing parts have delivered Wednesday (July 28th): Foreman found that they have to tear the units to install the missing units. Thursday (July 28th): Tyler decides to tear down all units. Friday (July 29th): 50 units of prototypes have been completed, and shipped without final inspection. Tuesday (August 2nd): The rest 50 units were shipped Omega ? ? ? Friday (July 8th): Jim Rawls called all department heads, and soon after he had received the blueprints. Monday (July 11th): Blueprint arrived and all department heads met to discuss this project.Wednesday (July 13th): They found that one component would not be ready in the next two weeks. Substitution of component must be made to keep the assembly time by using Ja pan material. ? ? ? Friday (July 15th): on process, industrial engineering department reported that the missing component would increase the assembly time. Relaying on this, the head of electrical engineering tested and ensured that the Japan component will definitely work. Monday (July 18th): All engineering gathered in finishing the units needed. Friday (July 22nd): all units were completely inspected and shipped.As a result, ten of Acme’s units were defective, while all Omega’s units passed the test. The client was disappointed with Acme’s delivery delay and i ncurred further delays in repairing the defective Acme units. However, rather than giving the entire contract to one firm, the final contract was split between Acme and Omega, with two added directives: maintained zero defects and reduced final cost. Analysis: 1. The importance of organization chart On the writer’s point of view, well structured organization chart is critical to illustrate distribution of management structure.This opinion supported by Colquitt which said organizational chart helps organization members and outsiders understand and comprehend how work is structured within the company (Colquitt et al, 2011). Based on Harvard Business Review, there would be several disadvantages occurred within a management with not organizational chart, which listed below: a. The â€Å"unworkable† job: an unworkable job means the absence of organizational chart, brings an unclear distribution or task and responsibility. One man has to do several tasks within the same time and reports to several bosses.As a matter effect, some tasks won’t be completed and reported when the time needed. b. Politics: An uncertain organization hierarchy often influences members to reach the highest level of organization hierarchy. Even more, inappropriate behavior might occur to get a higher authority and power. c. Over-regulation: The absence of organizational chart leads to uncertainty for job approval. One project must be approved some of majority member of organization before comes to realization. d. Cultural clashes: Unavailability of organizational chart often leads to unidentified organizational culture.Each member claims their own culture and also bring their previous company culture. 2. Distribution of authority in both company Based on Colquit (2011), elements of organizational structure divided into: a. Work Specialization ? Acme: individual specialization is used in Acme, where well structured of work flow has been divided into several steps of flow w hich given to different specific department. ? Omega: team work is used to bring the best performance, since the tendency is to get everyone involved in finishing one project. Everyone has almost similar knowledge and skills since everyone does all things together. . Chain of Command ? Acme: Well structured chain of command in Acme, creates a clear reporting order from subordinates to the manager. ? Omega: Group approval is needed since almost everyone has an obligation to do everything together. Moreover decision can only be produced after team discussion. c. Span of Control ? Acme: Tall organization chart symbolized this span of control which in Acme it is shown by the organizational chart. ? Omega: Relatively flat organization chart, even though there is no organization chart. In Omega, everyone has almost the same responsibility and authority. d.Centralization ? Acme: Centralized decision maker where Tyler as the decision maker or Tyler’s approval is the key point on orga nization activities. ? Omega: Decentralized decision maker, where everyone was involved by Rawls. e. Formalization ? Acme: Standardized procedure with specific rule set to maintain working behavior in Acme, such as using memo as communication tool (Mechanistic Organization). ? Omega: Flexible procedure and direct communication were highly encouraged to avoid misunderstanding in Omega. The Organizational dimensions displayed as below: Source: Colquitt, Jason A et all (2011) 3.The influence of company strategy to company distribution of authority Colquitt (2011) mentioned that company strategy has an influence on organizational structure, which described as below: ? Mechanistic Organization Acme has a mechanistic organization where the efficiency strategy, and work specialization are the unique mark of this organization. ? Organic Organization Omega has an organic organization where lateral communication, decentralized knowledge, and low degree of work specialization to maximize organ ization performance. 4. Cost efficiency failure in Omega In writer’s opinion, there are several inefficiency recourses in Omega which ead to higher cost, which described below: ? People Management Rawls encourages everyone to get involved in certain project even though they not directly related with such project. Moreover, direct contact and discussion are recommended to eliminate misunderstanding. ? Time Management Inefficiency of people management causes inefficient time management which several jobs can’t be completed in the same time, whereas everyone involved in one job. ? Resource Management Omega has a tendency in wasting resources for a fast solution. In this case, Omega uses substitute product to replace the missing component.Even it’s perfectly fit with the requirement; this solution increases cost of production. 5. Personal recommendation to Omega Washington University highly recommends the organization restructured in Omega for a better management ro le. Well structured organization will give a clear view of everyone role, responsibility and authority. This recommendation can be broken down into several actions which are: ? Restructuring Organization Restructuring organization includes creating clear job description, organizational chart, adding and eliminating position. Omega should define each member’s position, task, responsibility and authority. Forming Labor Relation Labor relation is important in manufacturing company, since large numbers of labor are employed. This organization utilized as the communication medium between labor and company management. ? Change Management Change management is needed in restructuring organization, since many things must be socialize to different. This team prioritizes the change order and methods. References Books: Colquitt, Jason A et all. (2011). Organizational Behavior â€Å"Improving Performance and Commitment in The Workplace†. McGraw-Hill Internet Corkindale, Gill. Harva rd Business Review. org washington. edu

Psychology of Criminal Minds Essays

Psychology of Criminal Minds Essays Psychology of Criminal Minds Paper Psychology of Criminal Minds Paper ISU Part III Topic: The psychology of Criminal Minds Focus of Research: Effects of abuse in early childhood How abuse affects adolescents Effects of abuse on early adulthood How abuse at younger ages triggers violence into late adulthood. Type of Primary Research: I choose to do a questionnaire because it is helpful to know what students our age know about criminal behaviors and how their minds work. Also about how much they know about the factors that affect them during their lifetimes that lead up to them being criminals. The questionnaire will be for 30-40 adults and students. I will ask older friends and students from Pickering High School to complete the questionnaire to base it on their prime knowledge. The questionnaire contenders will complete the survey with either straight yes or no answers or simple answers or with more of an explanatory answer including detail and listing what is asked of them. The questions will aim at how they think criminals are and how their brain works specifically within the developmental periods. The results from this questionnaire will be included in the final report and it will be compared to how much young adults know about crime and what the reality is. Sample Questions: To what degree do you think spanking is acceptable? Do you think that spanking is a form of abuse? Do you agree that children who are aggressive and violent at childhood are most likely to become criminal offenders at adolescence and late adulthood? What in your opinion makes young children who are abused susceptible to becoming young offenders? What do you think triggers violence in criminals? Name the different types of aggression your familiar with. What in your opinion makes a person a susceptible target for criminals? Do you think that serial killers are naturally insane or are there some kind of chemical imbalances?

Cool Things to Do With Dry Ice - Chemistry

Cool Things to Do With Dry Ice - Chemistry Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide. It is called dry ice because its frozen, yet never melts into a liquid. Dry ice sublimates or makes the transition directly from frozen solid into carbon dioxide gas. If you are lucky enough to get some dry ice, there are lot of projects you can try. Here are some of my favorite cool things to do with dry ice. Homemade Dry Ice - First you need dry ice, so if you dont have any, make it! Dry Ice Fog - The classic project is to put a chunk of dry ice in hot water, causing it to produce clouds of vapor or fog. Dry Ice Crystal Ball - Place a piece of dry ice in a bowl or cup containing bubble solution. Wet a towel with bubble solution and pull it across the lip of the bowl, trapping the carbon dioxide into a giant bubble that resembles a crystal ball. Frozen Bubble - Freeze a soap bubble over a piece of dry ice. The bubble will appear to float in the air over the dry ice. Fizzy Fruit - Freeze strawberries or other fruit using dry ice. Carbon dioxide bubbles become trapped in the fruit, making it fizzy and carbonated. Singing or Screaming Spoon - Press any metal object against a piece of dry ice and it will appear to sing or scream as it vibrates. Dry Ice Ice Cream - You can use dry ice to make instant ice cream. Because carbon dioxide gas is released, the resulting ice cream is bubbly and carb onated, sort of like an ice cream float. Dry Ice Bubbles - Place a piece of dry ice in bubble solution. Fog-filled bubbles will form. Popping them releases dry ice fog, which is a cool effect. Simulate a Comet - Simulate a comet using dry ice and a few other simple materials. It will even produce a tail like a real comet. Dry Ice Jack-o-Lantern - Make a cool Halloween jack-o-lantern that spews dry ice fog. Dry Ice Erupting Volcano Cake - While you cant eat dry ice, you can use it as a decoration for food. In this project, dry ice produces a volcanic eruption for a volcano cake. Dry Ice Bomb - Sealing dry ice into a container will cause it to burst. The safest version of this is to place a small piece of dry ice into a plastic film canister or potato chip can with a pop lid.Inflate a Balloon - Seal a small piece of dry ice inside a balloon. As the dry ice sublimates, the balloon will blow up. If you use too big a piece of dry ice, the balloon will pop!Inflate a Glove - Similarly, you can put a piece of dry ice into a latex or other plastic glove and tie it closed. The dry ice will inflate the glove. Dry ice is a lot of fun to play with, but it is very cold, plus there are other hazards associated with it. Before attempting a project involving dry ice, be sure you are aware of dry ice risks. Have fun and be safe! Dry Ice Facts | Dry Ice Science Fair Projects

Solutions of Slow Housekeeping Services In Palomar Hotel Research Paper

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